1817-1898) China This page is not available in other languages. With the introduction of the Model T in 1908 and the moving assembly line in 1913, the Ford Motor Company streamlined automobile production, transformed transportation, and kick-started American car culture. County of Anhalt Austrian Jews Camilla and Hermann Gottlieb sent their daughter to the United States before World War II but were themselves unable to enter at that time. Jhansi Marines invade the Dominican Republic at the start of a civil war; troops withdraw in 1966. Great Depression marked US withdrawal in 1933. Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Lbeck, Kingdom of Saxony 1876-1877:Black Hills War The U.S. military forces the Cayuse to surrender and hangs five people. Learn and Practice for the U.S. Naturalization Test. Hesse-Kassel Essential Events Between 1900 and 1945 | World101 Tosa Domain Supported by: Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Yemen Province, Revolutionary Committee/Supreme Political Council. ACIA-backed invasion of Cuba fails. Read about some notable politicians and officials from this time period. Empire of Japan As part of the massive government sponsorship of science to support the war effort, Manhattan Project physicists tested the first nuclear bomb in July 1945. Introduction. Supported by: Language links are at the top of the page across from the title. Old industries expanded and many new ones, including petroleum refining, steel manufacturing, and electrical power, emerged. Spain 1994-1995:Operation Uphold Democracy Nassau, Forces of the Emperor of Japan 1835-1842:Second Seminole War United Kingdom Greece Grand Duchy of Baden Supported by: Mongolian Communists Released near the end of the Great Depression and just a month before Germanys invasion of Poland sparked World War II, the films message of friendship and triumph over evildoers resonated with millions of viewers. the principal sources of immigration before the Civil War. Multinational humanitarian support to civilians and arming of local ground troops and militias, Massive numbers of war crimes committed by ISIS including ethnic cleansing, murder, rape, and enslavement. Firstly, the conflicts between the European colonists and the Native American tribes. Gift of Juliana C. and Robert M. Jones in memory of their father, Thomas J. Jones, Worn by Irving Berlin inThis Is the Army. 1950-1953:Korean War PDF May 2021 - Veterans Affairs The history of armed conflicts involving the United States of America spans a period of more than four centuries. United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland, Luso-Brazilian conquest of the Banda Oriental, United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves, Bolvar's campaign to liberate New Granada, Aegean Sea Anti-Piracy Operations of the United States, Irish and German Mercenary Soldiers' Revolt, Austrian expedition against Morocco (1829), Dutch expedition on the west coast of Sumatra, Dutch intervention in Northern Bali (1846), Revolutions of 1848 in the Italian states, Revolutions of 1848 in the Habsburg areas, Sicilian revolution of independence of 1848, Dutch intervention in Northern Bali (1848), Expedition against the Chinese in Montrado, Austro-Hungarian campaign in Bosnia and Herzegovina in 1878, Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization, Bulgarian Secret Revolutionary Brotherhood, "Britain Burma Arakan Uprising 18111815", "I MOTI FRUMENTARI AD ALGHERO NEL 1821: CRONACA DI UNA SOMMOSSA POPOLAR", "Britain's Policy Towards The Kurdish Question,1915-1923", "Expeditions Against the Frontier Tribes of the Northwest Frontier Province", "Arab involvement in Crimean War 'erased from history', https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_wars:_18001899&oldid=1159909613, All articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases, Articles with specifically marked weasel-worded phrases from June 2017, Articles lacking reliable references from June 2022, Short description is different from Wikidata, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 4.0, This page was last edited on 13 June 2023, at 08:54. In the first U.S. armed intervention in Asia, the U.S. retaliates against an attack on a U.S. merchant vessel, killing 100 Sumatrans and burning the town of Quallah Battoo, located in what is now Indonesia. This lesson examines three wars between 1898 and 1945 that transformed the United States into a preeminent global power. Prior the America's declaration of war on Germany, the Germans engaged in a massive final spring offensive in 1918, but the Allies held their ground, and with the subsequent American support Germany was eventually forced to surrender. The United States fought Mexico in the Mexican-American War from 1846 to 1848. The U.S. ends three years of neutrality in the European conflict, declaring war on Germany. In 1955, U.S. advisers are sent to Vietnam; in 1964 Congress authorizes President Lyndon B. Johnson to "repel any armed attack" in the Gulf of Tonkin Resolution. Czechoslovakia The Sioux surrender but are massacred at Wounded Knee in South Dakota, in this final fight between Native Americans and the U.S. Army. } People's Republic of China (19711978) [2], A further concern highlighted by historians, relating to the history of slavery and colonialism in particular, is the inherent unevenness of the terrain in which conflicts erupt, and often tremendous disproportionality of means by which they are fought and settled. This bowl celebrates the energy of the Jazz Agethe music, nightlife, and architecture of the 1920s. Grand Duchy of Hesse Ethiopian Empire, United States 1917-1918:World War I North Vietnam Multinational forces oversee withdrawal of, Various bombings of Iraqi forces both arial and naval, Mass numbers of Iraqi targets killed or destroyed, Withdrawal of U.S. forces 5 months after the, The UN mandate saved close to 100,000 lives, before and after U.S. withdrawal, Internal partition of Bosnia and Herzegovina, De facto separation of Kosovo from FR Yugoslavia under UN administration, Strikes hit targets but failed objectives, al-Qaeda suffers damage and casualties however its senior leaders survive the strikes, Establishment of the Islamic Republic of Afghanistan under the, Afghan government surrenders power to the Taliban in accordance to Doha Peace Agreement, President Ashraf Ghani flees to Tajikistan, On August 16, 2021; US diplomats and military personnel evacuated. France The war reignited on December 13, 1974 with offensive operations by North Vietnam, leading to victory over South Vietnam in under two months. Crow Nation United States, Cuba Previous Section The American West, 1865-1900; Next Section City Life in the Late 19th Century; Immigration to the United States, 1851-1900 . El Salvador United States - National Unity, War of 1812, Monroe Doctrine, American Part of the MexicanAmerican War, Location: Colorado, Utah, Arizona, New Mexico, Part of the prelude to the American Civil War, Part of the Seminole Wars and the American Indian Wars(18551858), Part of the American Indian Wars(18551858), Location: Mountain Meadows, Utah Territory, Location: Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas, Location: Colorado, Wyoming, and Nebraska, Locations: Oregon, Nevada, California, and Idaho, Location: Boca Teacapan, Sinaloa, Teacapan Estuary, Location: Texas, Arizona and the border region of Wyoming and Colorado, Location: Oregon, Idaho, Wyoming, and Montana, Location: Oklahoma, Kansas, Nebraska, South Dakota and Montana, Location: San Francisco, Chicago, New York, Location: Peloncillo Mountains Guadalupe Mountains, Location: Arkansas, Illinois, Kansas, Missouri and Texas, Location: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam, Limited Foreign Support: 1900s - Wikipedia They were sent to Theresienstadt, a Nazi concentration camp, where Hermann died in 1943. What Was Happening in the U.S. in 1940 - PBS PDF Wars of the 1900s - Arizona State University 1872-1873:Modoc War But no previous storm compared to the fury of wind and water that left the city entirely cut off from the mainland by late in the afternoon of the 8th. (Many member states defected after Battle of Leipzig), The term "Austrian Empire" came into use after Napoleon crowned himself, Both Austria and Prussia briefly became allies of France and contributed forces to the, Russia became an ally of France following the, The Ottoman Empire fought against Napoleon in the. Used by Franklin Roosevelt for his radio Fireside Chats. China 1817-1818:First Seminole War The U.S. battles North Korean soldiers and then Chinese soldiers in Korea before an armistice is signed in 1953. The U.S. fights an undeclared war with England over Maine's boundaries. The U.S. also purchases the Philippinesfor $20 million. Wilmington Insurrection of 1898 On the morning of November 10, 1898, a throng of some 2,000 armed white men took to the streets of the Southern port town of Wilmington, North Carolina. 8589. U.S. troops go to Somalia to help restore order and deliver food during a period of unrest and famine. Woodrow Wilson was President when the United States joined the war in 1917. Gift of Columbia Broadcasting System and WTOP Radio, through Mr. Roy Meachum, Director of Radio Promotion, and Mr. G. Klink, Staff Eng., WTOP radio, From Franklin Roosevelts presidential campaign. In his twelve years as president, Franklin Roosevelt led the country through two major crises: the Great Depression and World War II. Jordan North Korean failure to launch an insurgency in South Korea, CIA supported Bolivian armed groups oppress, The Soviet Union failed to achieve its political objectives, 1 helicopter and 1 transport aircraft destroyed. The growing accuracy of scientific methods and observations in the late 1800s and early 1900s led to an extraordinary profusion of information about the natural world. Green armies, Location: New England, the Mid-Atlantic states and the U.S. Southern states, French RepublicRepublic of Poland Czechoslovak RepublicKingdom of YugoslaviaKingdom of GreeceDenmarkNorwayNetherlandsBelgiumLuxembourg Republic of Cuba Republic of HaitiArgentinaBrazilMexicoChilePeruUnited States of VenezuelaLiberiaKingdom of EgyptEthiopian EmpireUnion of South Africa Sultanate of Muscat and OmanKingdom of NepalRepublic of ChinaMongolian People's RepublicCommonwealth of the Philippines Viet Minh Korean Provisional Government, United NationsUnited StatesUnited KingdomAustraliaBelgiumCanadaFrancePhilippinesColombiaEthiopian EmpireKingdom of GreeceLuxembourgNetherlandsNew ZealandSpanish StateUnion of South AfricaThailandTurkey, Pathet LaoNorth VietnamSupported by:Soviet Union China, Location: Democratic Republic of the Congo, Pathet Lao Khmer Rouge (until 1978)[21][22] Philippine Scouts, Katipunan Other Tribes of the North Caucasus, Kingdom of France (1827 only) Russian Empire (1827 only), Forces of Queen Isabella II of Spain Constitution Avenue, NW Albert A. Michelson, a Polish immigrant, was the first American to win a Nobel Prize in science. The United States wanted to expand west. Currently on view Century Vase, 1876 Made by Union Porcelain Works, Greenpoint, New York The American Industrial Revolution transformed the nation from a scattering of isolated communities into an economic and industrial giant, in part due to the country's wealth of natural resources. County of Schaumburg-Lippe United States Hiroshima Domain 1832:Assault on Sumatra U.S. Marines land in the kingdom of Hawaii to aid the overthrow of Queen Lili'upkalani. France United StatesUnited KingdomAustraliaPolandIraqi Kurdistan Kuwait Preparing For The Oath: U.S. History And Civics For Citizenship Composer Irving Berlins Broadway musical and subsequent filmThis Is the Armyhelped raise money to support the military. The comments of Indiana Senator Albert Beveridge reflected an opinion held by some in the US who believed that God "has made us the master organizers of the worldthat we may administeramong savages and senile peoples." Russian Empire British Empire Learn about wartime letters and censorship. Supported by: What was predicted to be a quick and relatively bloodless pacification of a backward people quickly escalated into a prolonged war. 1941-1945:World War II But the Roaring Twenties were years of contradictions, falling between the end of World War I and the beginning of the Great Depression. Print. Boatmen of Thessaloniki (from 1900 to 1903), Sovereign Tagalog Nation "The Expedition Route, Midhat Pasha in Al-Hasa, Kuwait's Role in the Ottoman Expedition 18711873, Abd Allah's Direct Role in the War." The U.S. Army sends troops to Haiti in September 1994 to help restore a democratic government. Indians relocated to Siletz, Grand Ronde and Coast Reservations, By late 1850s, most Seminoles forced to leave their land; a few hundred remain deep in the, Full amnesty for charges of sedition and treason issued to the citizens of Utah Territory by President, U.S. Federal government expands further control over land and railroad rights in the, Military and congressional hearings against, Legal control of Powder River Country ceded to Native Americans, Legal control of Powder River Country ceded to the United States, United Kingdom withdraws claim in exchange for concessions in the, Total annexation of the Philippine Islands, Provisions for foreign troops to be stationed in Beijing, Pancho Villa's troops no longer an effective fighting force, Formation of new countries in Europe and the Middle East. The assembly line meant that the company could produce more cars at less cost, making them more affordable. Between 12th and 14th Streets The fate of enslaved people in the United States divided the nation during the Civil War. There may also be periods of violent civil unrest listed, such as: riots, shootouts, spree killings, massacres, terrorist attacks, and civil wars. Naples and Sicily 1890:Messiah War By the late 1800s the majority of restaurants in Hawaii were operated by Chinese. 1871:War with Korea The British . Over Labor Day weekend 1900, while many of his fellow residents of Galveston, Texas sought relief from the unusually hot September weather by wading in the cooling waters of the Gulf of Mexico, Isaac Cline focused his attention on weather developments hundreds of miles away in the Caribbean. Along the U.S. Atlantic Coast and the West Indies, an undeclared war with France begins; the U.S. wins 9 of 10 naval encounters. Japan Overview International Stock Food Factory, between 1900 and 1910 Detroit Publishing Company In the decades following the Civil War, the United States emerged as an industrial giant. In 1993 the U.S. Congress issued official apology to Native Hawaiians on behalf of the U.S. for its involvement in the overthrow of the Kingdom of Hawaii. Intervention in the Somali Civil War, High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina, United States bombing of the Chinese embassy in Belgrade, A Company, 101st Airborne Division Special Troop Battalion, Escalation of sectarian insurgency after U.S. withdrawal, American intervention in the War in North-West Pakistan, Second U.S. This covers conflicts and terrorist attacks in the 1900s that occurred within the modern territory of the United States of America. The ensuing legislation and relief measures created the most dramatic peacetime expansion of government in U.S. history and directly benefited many. List of armed conflicts involving the United States - Wikipedia As historian Ira Berlin points out slavery, by its very definition, poses a profound asymmetry of power: "For three centuries, slave masters mobilized enormous resources that stretched across continents and oceans and employed them with great ferocity in an effort to subdue their human property. As Americans gained more leisure time and disposable income in the early 1900s, the popularity of spectator sports boomed. 1898-1902:Spanish-American War Anti-immigration laws enacted in the 1920s limited the number of European refugees trying to enter the United States to escape Nazi persecution in the 1930s and 1940s. The U.S. leads a multi-nation coalition against Iraq after that country invades Kuwait; Iraq surrenders. 1994-1995:Bosnian War The Complicated History of Cannabis in the US | HISTORY U.S. withdrawal after naval engagement July 16, 1863. Colonel George A. Custer and 264 soldiers are killed at Little Nighorn; subsequently, the U.S. Army destroys Indian resistance. Native Americans of the Bannock tribe attack white settlers in Idaho before they suffer heavy losses and are forced back to Fort Hall Reservation. U.S. Marines occupy Haiti after a civil war; a treaty between the U.S. and the Haitian Senate makes the island nation a virtual U.S. protectorate. War Letters brings to life vivid letters from the front. 1812-1815:The War of 1812 Over 10,000 American airstrikes conducted in Iraq since 2014. document.documentElement.className += 'js'; if ( 'querySelector' in document && 'addEventListener' in window ) { Progressive Era to New Era, 1900-1929 Overview The early 20th century was an era of business expansion and progressive reform in the United States. Opened in 1929From the Lau Yee Chai restaurant in Waikiki. Conflicts of this era include the Napoleonic Wars in Europe, the American Civil War in North America, the Taiping Rebellion in Asia, the Paraguayan War in South America, the Zulu War in Africa, and the Australian frontier wars in Oceania. The 1900s - National Museum of American History Green armies Estimated 20,000 Filipino troops killed, more than 200,000 civilians perished as a result of combat, hunger, or disease. An intimate portrait of the woman whose groundbreaking writings revolutionized our relationship to the natural world andlaunched the modern environmental movement. North Korea[22], Khmer Rouge al-Qaeda First sample in which nuclear fission was detected. googletag.cmd = googletag.cmd || []; 1775-1783:The Thirteen Colonies Sultanate of Sulu PDF U.S. Wars of the 1900s - USCIS Words in bold are English words you may not know. List of Wars | Historical Conflicts from the Trojan War to Present 135 and the National Progressive Miners Union combine to create the United Mine Workers of America (UMWA). 1871-1876:Apache Wars France This is a list of wars ordered chronologically by the year that hostilities were initiated. Intervention in the Somali Civil War, Autonomous Administration of North and East Syria, American support for anti-government rebels, Massive amounts of human rights violations and war crimes, Timeline of United States military operations, "American Involvement in Wars From Colonial Times to the Present", "Union and Confederate Indians in the Civil War", "Vietnam's Politic of a Divided Nation: From the Reunification to DoiMoi (Renovation) and Its Implication for the Korean Peninsula and North Korea", "Statement by Deputy Press Secretary Larry Speakes", "The Collapse of Lebanon's Army: U.S. Said to Ignore Factionalism", "NATO Was Closer to Ground War in Kosovo Than Is Widely Realized", "Central Asian groups split over leadership of global jihad", "U.S. 18th-century wars USA defeat USA victory Another result (e.g. Prohibited from playing on white baseball teams, black players formed their own teams and leagues. United States (1856 and 1859 only), British East India Company The gunfight in downtown Matewan on May 19, 1920, had all the elements of a high-noon showdown: on one side, the heroes, a pro-union sheriff and mayor; on the other, the dastardly henchmen of the . Forces of King Miguel of Portugal, Argentine Unitarians Bremen United States, officially United States of America, abbreviated U.S. or U.S.A., byname America, country in North America, a federal republic of 50 states. Serbia British Empire Additionally there are reports of organ trafficking, US maintains limited military presence, approximately 2,500 U.S. military personnel remain in Iraq as of December 2021, providing assistance, advice and training to Iraqi forces, US forces have ended combat mission in Iraq in December 2021, Over 11,200 American and allied airstrikes hit ISIS and other extremist groups within Syria, Thousands of ISIS targets destroyed/militants killed, Deployment of U.S. Marines and Special Forces, ISIS detainee crisis takes hold in northern Syria, Civilian deaths due to Coalition airstrikes in Syria and Iraq: over 1,300 according to Coalition, 8,26713,168 according to independent estimates, Saudi-led coalition begin to bomb Houthi rebel positions, Raids against al-Qaeda conducted U.S. Special Forces, Hundreds of airstrikes carried out in Libya against Islamic State affiliated militant groups, ISIS presence in Libya severely diminished; airstrikes cease in 2019, Second Libyan Civil War continues until permanent ceasefire ratified on October 23, 2020, This page was last edited on 14 June 2023, at 02:05. Franklin Roosevelt won his first presidential election promising his New Deal would lift the country out of the Great Depression. Serial 89, 18th Congress, 1st Session, Senate Document No. London: Luzac &, 1983. Not until 1941, when British researchers brought a small sample of penicillin to a U.S. lab, was it discovered to be the most effective and safe antibacterial agent known. 1300-1200 bce Trojan War (dates uncertain) 1200-1100 bce Trojan War (dates uncertain) 800-700 bce First Messenian War ( c. 735-715 bce) Lelantine War ( c. 720-680 bce; dates uncertain) In 1940, scientists working at the University of California, Berkeley, discovered plutonium. Saxe-Coburg and Gotha Dominican Republic Subsequent reduction in violence and depletion of al-Qaeda in Iraq, Raids against al-Shabaab militants conducted by U.S. Special Forces, Multiple al-Shabaab senior members killed, Number of pirate attacks have decreased dramatically since the start of such operations, however attacks still occur near the coast waters of. World War II had a profound impact on the American home front. Katipunan, Empire of Japan Updated February 12, 2018 During the Banana Wars of the early 20th century, the U.S. military toppled regimes and massacred thousands to keep U.S. business booming. Post-World War I prosperity ended with the Great Depression and did not return until the nation mobilized for World War II. Despite the vocal objections of those who deplored such imperialistic notions as running counter to the tenets of American democracy, President McKinley ended up siding with those who felt the Philippines were too strategically important to the US to be governed by the Filipino people. Of the 4,300 Americans lost, some 1,500 were killed in action, while nearly twice that number succumbed to disease. Bahrain Senegal Immigration to the United States, 1851-1900 | Rise of Industrial Left SR For a list of wars before the creation of the United States, see, 1968 Democratic National Convention protests, Occupation of the Malheur National Wildlife Refuge, List of incidents of civil unrest in the United States, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_conflicts_in_the_United_States&oldid=1142318466, This page was last edited on 1 March 2023, at 19:09. Principality of Reuss Elder Line A hilarious time capsule of the 1950s? Belgium Unprecedented wealth in the upper social classes in the late 1800s and early 1900s contributed to affluent consumers growing desire to own and display the newest luxury goods. 1855-1858:Third Seminole War Empire of Brazil Spain, Russia A U.S. merchant ship is rescued from Cambodians by U.S. Navy and Marines off the coast of Cambodia. Philippine-American War, war between the United States and Filipino revolutionaries from 1899 to 1902, an insurrection that may be seen as a continuation of the Philippine Revolution against Spanish rule. Hezb-e-Islami Gulbuddin Thirdly, the mounting tensions and armed conflicts between the settlers and their rulers in Europe. Papal States [1], The lines of conflict demarcating the wars, rebellions, and revolutions in the North American colonial and national period can be traced far back into early pre-Columbian times. Absolutely. Read about some notable activists, writers, journalists and educators from this time period. 1980:Operation Eagle Claw Citizenship and Immigration Services. One of the best-known American jewelers of the time, Paul Flato, designed this aquamarine and ruby set. Riograndense Republic CJTF-OIR Members:AustraliaNew ZealandCanadaBelgiumDenmarkFranceGermanyItalyNetherlandsRomaniaUnited KingdomLebanonMoroccoJordanSaudi ArabiaUnited Arab EmiratesQatarBahrain (Enter your ZIP code for information on American Experience events and screening in your area.). 1877:Nez Perc War Following Native American raids in Florida, U.S. forces destroy Seminole villages and break tribal resistance. The Banana Wars: How The U.S. Plundered Central America For Corporations Gift of Columbus and Greenville Railway, Inc. Used by Albert A. Michelson to measure the speed of light. Gold in South Dakota brings in whites to Sioux land. During the. 1856:Bleeding Kansas France Makhnovshchina At the same time, larger producers helped make more affordable decorative wares available to a wide market. The Qajar dynasty fought against Russia from 1804 to 1813; the Russians were allied with Napoleon 18071812. 1893:Coup in Hawaii Sign up for the American Experience newsletter! This list includes (but is not limited to) the following: Indian wars, skirmishes, wars of independence, liberation wars, colonial wars, undeclared wars, proxy wars, territorial disputes, and world wars. The U.S. and other Allied troops invade Russia to protect war supplies during the Russian Revolution. Though victory in Europe had been secured, war with Japan raged on. Pulajanes Gift of Glenn T. Seaborg and Emilio Segr. Southern Cheyenne Tribes Troops withdraw in 1934. Romania In Illinois and Wisconsin, Sac and Fox tribes under Sac leader Black Hawk attack white settlers, but are defeated at the Battle of Bad Axe. United Kingdom Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Committee (from 1895 to 1905) Kingdom of the Two Sicilies, Costa Rica This article provides a list of wars occurring between 1800 and 1899. Watauga AssociationCatawba Lenape Choctaw, Martin Van Buren (March 4, 1837 March 4, 1841), William Henry Harrison (March 4, 1841 April 4, 1841), John Tyler (April 4, 1841 March 4, 1845), James K. Polk (March 4, 1845 March 4, 1849), Zachary Taylor (March 4, 1849 July 9, 1850), Millard Fillmore (July 9, 1850 March 4, 1853), Franklin Pierce (March 4, 1853 March 4, 1857), James Buchanan (March 4, 1857 March 4, 1861), Abraham Lincoln (March 4, 1861 April 15, 1865), Andrew Johnson (April 15, 1865 March 4, 1869), Ulysses S. Grant (March 4, 1869 March 4, 1877), Rutherford B. Hayes (March 4, 1877 March 4, 1881), James A. Garfield (March 4, 1881 September 19, 1881), Chester A. Arthur (September 19, 1881 March 4, 1885), Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1885 March 4, 1889), Benjamin Harrison (March 4, 1889 March 4, 1893), Grover Cleveland (March 4, 1893 March 4, 1897), William McKinley (March 4, 1897 September 14, 1901), Theodore Roosevelt (September 14, 1901 March 4, 1909), William Howard Taft (March 4, 1909 March 4, 1913), Woodrow Wilson (March 4, 1913 March 4, 1921), Warren G. Harding (March 4, 1921 August 2, 1923), Calvin Coolidge (August 2, 1923 March 4, 1929), Russian EmpireEmpire of Japan French RepublicUnited StatesGerman EmpireKingdom of ItalyAustro-Hungarian EmpireChina (until 1900), Warren G. Harding(March 4, 1921 August 2, 1923), Calvin Coolidge(August 2, 1923 March 4, 1929), Woodrow Wilson(March 4, 1913 March 4, 1921), Herbert Hoover(March 4, 1929 March 4, 1933), Franklin D. Roosevelt(March 4, 1933 April 12, 1945), Russian Empire (until 1917)Kingdom of ItalyUnited States (since 1917)Empire of JapanKingdom of SerbiaKingdom of MontenegroKingdom of RomaniaKingdom of GreeceBelgiumPortugalRepublic of Armenia Idrisid Emirate of Asir Emirate of Nejd and Hasa Kingdom of Hejaz Republic of China SiamBrazil, Mountain Republic
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