50 People in the Bible Confirmed Archaeologically Biblical Archaeology Society Once again science confirms the Bible! If you set up standards while making the evaluation, it becomes too easy to make slight, almost imperceptible adjustments that lead to accepting an identification that one likes. I agree that Kurt brought out some interesting points about the book of Esther. 3841; RIMA 3, p. 211, line 8 of A.0.104.7; Raging Torrent, pp. 111113, no. July supermoon: When and how to see the buck moon | CNN Searching for Evidence Beyond the Bible, New Testament Political Figures: The Evidence and Herod the Great and the Herodian Family Tree by Lawrence Mykytiuk. ANEHST Mark W. Chavalas, ed., The Ancient Near East: Historical Sources in Translation (Blackwell Sources in Ancient History; Victoria, Australia: Blackwell, 2006). 35. Englands King John is a well-documented historical figure, but that doesnt mean a real Robin Hood opposed him while leading a real group of Merry Men including a real Little John, a real Friar Tuck, and a real Maid Marian. Pl. Because this seal is authentic and is from the kingdom of Judah during the time of Jeremiah, it matches the setting of the Hananiah, the son of Azzur in Jeremiah 28. 15, 504 n. 23). Shalmaneser V (= Ululaya), king, r. 726722, 2 Kings 17:2, etc. For instance, the Baal of Peor (Baal-peor), who was worshiped by Moabites and Midianites, took his name from Mount Peor. Hazael, king, r. 844/842ca. Purdue University, [] on the list. 2, pp. This king is also included in the Babylonian King List A (ANET, p. 271), and the latter part of his name remains in the reference to him in the Synchronistic King List (ANET, pp. They were purchased on the antiquities market in 1858 and 1863, long before anyone, scholar or forger, knew what letter shapes were used in the time of Uzziah. [], [] Aqu puedes ver la lista de los nombres confirmados [], [] Para ver la lnea de tiempo y una mejor perspectiva global, visitepp.46-47 de la edicin de marzo / abril 2014 deBAR. Manasseh, king, r. 697/696642/641, 2 Kings 20:21, etc. ( Matthew 10:2-4) It . 2; IBP, pp. 131134. Hadadezer the Damascene is also mentioned in an engraving on a statue of Shalmaneser III at Aur (RIMA 3, p. 118, A.0.102.40, col. i, line 14). 2 from Greg: Cyrus II (=Cyrus the great), king, r. 559530, 2 Chronicles 36:22, etc. And in biblical passages for which any contemporary inscriptions survive (after about 2, 500 years), such as Assyrian or Babylonian display texts from their palaces, or their recorded annalsif you are willing to examine the evidence I have listed at length in the notes abovethere is substantial confirmation of some details along with spin. That spin suggests a very different point of view, as one would expect. 50. number (of an item, usually on a page). [] Fifty Bible People Confirmed By Recent Archaeology, Lawrence Mykytiuk. Bible Facts and Statistics - Amazing Bible Timeline with World History 2nd try in response to comment 20 by Gene R.: Wow, thank you, Gene, for mentioning so many evidences! I would disagree with Lawrences assertion for evidence of Jesus citing later works. Sixteen Lawrence J. Mykytiuk, Sixteen Strong Identifications of Biblical Persons (Plus Nine Other Identifications) in Authentic Northwest Semitic Inscriptions from before 539 B.C.E., pp. Thus, the fact that the inscription was written approximately 130 years after David died does refute this identification. , but a break prevents us from knowing the rest of the fathers name and what might have been written after that. 8. Samuel!" 30 People in the New Testament Confirmed - Biblical Archaeology Society 106107). Manaen 11. I waited a week for my inquiry to appear in the comments section (which you can access here. 3546; Corrections, pp. Purdue University. Or 50% of them? On the identification of Tiglath-pileser III in the Aramaic monumental inscription honoring Panamu II, in Aramaic monumental inscriptions 1 and 8 of Bar-Rekub (now in Istanbul and Berlin, respectively), and in the Ashur Ostracon, see IBP, p. 240; COS, pp. Some possibilities of this kind regarding the Joseph of the book of Genesis (chapters 37 to 50) are associated with British Egyptologist David Rohl. 2, pp. 1627, 70; idem, Preliminary Report on the City of David Excavations 2005 at the Visitors Center Area [Jerusalem and New York: Shalem, 2007], pp. For example, Russians pronounce one name given to males, Ivan, as ee-VAHN. But it will take a lot of time to cover all 50 identifications. In my published dissertation, the detailed treatments on David in the Tel Dan stele (IBP, pp. I find no stated limitation on this view. Where are the daily government trade records or mundane census records of his empire? I accept your point that there are limits to the evidence I have presented. (The index of Third, p. 525, distinguishes between an earlier Wahibre i [Third, p. 98] and the 26th Dynastys Wahibre ii [= Apries], r. On your wish exclude David from the list, I can only say that 1) the large scholarly community with which I am familiarincluding some who dont like ithas, by and large, accepted the identification, and 2) I see strong, objective reasons to accept it. But then the three shekels ostracon turned out to be a forgery. The vertical stroke of the third letter converges, for want of space, with the border line of the seal. . The information appears to be from a German publication entitled(get ready!) On the mode of execution of those thought to have been conspirators in the assassination, see the selection from Ashurbanipals Rassam cylinder in ANET, p. 288. Even Glueck and Albright, however, should have realized that a title, such as the kings son or king of Judah, should have appeared on the seal, instead of just the personal name. References 4748, correct the earlier absence of this Hadadezer in IBP (notably on p. 237, where he is not to be confused with the tenth-century Hadadezer, son of Rehob and king of Zobah). Gender: Samuel is . Incidentally, it seems that we may have some independent attestations for King Hadadezer. In these, son means nothing more than that he is the successor, in this instance, of Omri (Raging Torrent, p. 20 under Baasha . These numbers are not part of the text itself. This does not, however, prove that the miraculous claims that are in the Bible are true. 11 Bible verses about God Renaming People - Online Bible In response to comment 15 above, by J.: 7075. Regarding the supposed analogy between the tales of Robin Hood and the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament: Imperfections along the left edge of the impression in the clay contributed to a delay in correct reading of the bulla until late in 2015. Surely there is a need for another list that will list biblical names which are parallel to those found in cognate languages or other populations in the ANE? The inscription on plaster from Tell Deir Alla does not seem to be intended to be historical, but rather, it seems to be a magical and/or religious text. Nevertheless, it is still a reasonable identification, as supported by the following facts: 1) Clearly in the epitaph over the tomb complex, and possibly in the square stone plate inscription, the ezr named in the epitaph is placed last in recognition of his being the head, that is, the progenitor or founding father of the priestly family whose members are buried there. 6769; idem, The Wall that Nehemiah Built, BAR 35, no. There are, of course, plenty of things in the Bible that cant be documented from other sources, but quite a few things can. As a scholar, I must note that there are limits to what these 50 identifications prove, but they are certainly evidence on the side of the historical reliability of the Hebrew Bible/Old Testament. . I appreciate this opportunity to clarify that point. See Corrections, pp. Another twist is that some authentic pieces are altered, perhaps by adding writing, in hope of bringing in a higher price (these are technically called fakes). Gershon Galil, The Chronology of the Kings of Israel and Judah (SHCANE 9; New York: Brill, 1996), p. 147. We tend to think of their names as unusual, but for all we know, they might have been rather common in Trans-Jordan of the Iron Age. Thank you for drawing my attention to this unclear part of the article. CIIP Hanna M. Cotton et al., eds., Corpus Inscriptionum Iudaeae/Palaestinae, vol. The fourth text, the most fragmentary of all, confirms Judah and part of Jehoiachins name, but contributes no data that is not found in the other texts. 2, p. 306; ABC, pp. Shishak (= Shoshenq I) is questionable. A neo-Babylonian text refers to him as Belshazzar the crown prince (ANET, pp. . This table uses Kitchens dates for rulers of Egypt, Pitards for kings of Damascus (with some differences), Galils for monarchs of Judah and for those of the northern kingdom of Israel, Graysons for Neo-Assyrian kings, Wisemans for Neo-Babylonian kings and Briants, if given, for Persian kings and for the Persian province of Yehud. There, referring to the battle of Qarqar (853 B.C.E. I help people find good sources all the time in the library I work in. 2. 2. The business acumen of Hershel Shanks has kept this informative and truly unique publication going into its fortieth year, and still counting, even as the world of publishing continues to morph around us. This impressive book by Dr. Ada Yardeni makes it easy to understand why one never hears a single criticism of Ada Yardenis professional abilities as a paleographer. Did Jesus Exist? Let me see if my recollection is correct and get back to you. Read Did Jesus Exist? Pashhur, father of Gedaliah the official, late 7th century, Jeremiah 38:1 and 34. After marriage, a woman usually changes her last name to signify the beginning of the next chapter. Lawrence Mykytiuk Want more on Biblical figures? The second mark of an individual is where he worked, as indicated by the place where the bulla was discovered. Some of these personalities are particularly [], [] lijstje van buitenbijbels bewijs voor Bijbelse personen: vijftig namen met []. This date is indicated especially by the Hebrew letter nun (n) andthough the photographs are not as clear as I would likepossibly by the Hebrew letter he (h), as well. 1 [January/February 2006], pp. If you have to make a case for something that should be archaeologically conclusive, you dont have a case. Speaking with no particular reference to this inscription, some scholars, such as Frendo and Kofoed, argue that lengthy gaps between a particular writing and the things to which it refers are not automatically to be considered refutations of historical claims (Anthony J. Frendo, Pre-Exilic Israel, the Hebrew Bible, and Archaeology: Integrating Text and Artefact [New York: T&T Clark, 2011], p. 98; Jens B. Kofoed, Text and History: Historiography and the Study of the Biblical Text [Winona Lake, Ind. (f) The Shema Seal from Megiddo has normally been considered 8th century, rather than 9th. 3, respectively; IBP, pp. Abraham Reply to Raymond (comment 21. above): Yes, the Persian king in Esther is clearly identifiable in inscriptions outside of the Bible. I only know of one person called Peter in the Bible, but there are several guys named Simon in the Bible. 265-277 of my book, IBP. The only Hebrew kingdom still standing when this inscription was written was Judah. Nahman Avigad and Benjamin Sass, _Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals_ (Jerusalem: The Israel Academy of Sciences and Humanities, Israel Exploration Society, and The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, The Institute of Archaeology, 1997). (This suggestion may be pursued independently of whether the family was founded in Davidic times as 1 Chronicles 24 states.). If youll be patient, first Ill do my best to answer your real question, and then Ill answer what you were not really asking. 111, 184, and COS, vol. and some others under-identified such as Darius II as western chronology at times conflates, and or adds fudge, There are many chronological, historical and archaeological evidence which confirms the Bible, much more than 50 people, but unfortunately all these informations are poorly known, see https://mom.academia.edu/GerardGERTOUX. Lawrence Mykytiuk As you probably know, other persons mentioned in the New Testament are also documented in inscriptions of their times, such as Pontius Pilate, who is certainly referred to in an inscription discovered at the seaport city of Caesarea. Real people that are a part of the message God has given to us. 272274, 288290, 292294, 296, 297, 301303, 426428, 449, 450, 531, 533541, 605, 606), including his Succession Treaty (ANEHST, p. 355). The first category includes those about whom we know so little that we cannot even approach a firm identification with anyone named in an inscription. Adrammelech (= Ardamullissu = Arad-mullissu), son and assassin of Sennacherib, fl. God changed his name as a sign of His promise that Abraham would be the father of many nations. 5. (21). And before you say nobody would assume it did, you should look at comments above from people suggesting that the historicity of the people in the list proves the entire Biblical narrative is true: see n. 13, for example. 2: Archival Documents from the Biblical World (Boston: Brill, 2000). Scholars prefer to treat subjects on which they feel most qualified to speak. It is in the Corpus of West Semitic Stamp Seals, p. 100, 165. This is the first impression of a Hebrew kings seal ever discovered in a scientific excavation. That is not enough for a firm identification, but it is enough for a reasonable hypothesis. It could be a forgery or a fake. 284292; ITP; Mikko Lukko, The Correspondence of Tiglath-pileser III and Sargon II from Calah/Nimrud (State Archives of Assyria, no. Esarhaddon, king, r. 680669, 2 Kings 19:37, etc., in his many inscriptions. Michael During this period, the most common female names were: [3] 1. Mike, you are correct that the Cyrus Cylinder does not mention the Jews specifically. See OROT, pp. Without a sure historical dimension in the inscription, we are left with a literary connection between these two reflexes of the same folk tradition. 315316; COS, vol. And what about Erastus? Joseph/Joses 3. He is person 48 above: 4849 n. 34. 137152; David Ussishkin, The Village of Silwan (Jerusalem: Israel Exploration Society, 1993), pp. 19, Pl. 3, pp. and Deity *Dod as Dead as the Dodo? Journal for the Study of the Old Testament 76 (1997): 2944. In response to comment 8 on this page, by Jeremy: Dear Jeremy, Many libraries, including many public libraries, can get the book for you through interlibrary loan. Judah 5. Once again Hersh is trying to sell something ignoring the factslike that Jesus in a box thing. 2, pp. Not a BAS Library member yet? Clicking here will take you to a page which lists many Biblical characters proven to exist along with the [], [] have verified at least 50 leaders mentioned throughout the Bible. . You'll want to get Bible Gateway's free . I have discussed this inscription at length on pp. 466468. Do you any comment about the 49 other names in the list? This seal was published during the 19th century (in 1883 by Charles Clermont-Ganneau), when no one, neither scholars nor forgers, knew the correct shapes of Hebrew letters for the late seventh to early sixth centuries (the time of Jeremiah). Reply to Jimmy (comment 42 above): 405. In the evening of that royal history, after the sun had set on Israels kingly line, Esther and Mordecai, both of the tribe of Benjamin, warred effectively against Jehovahs enemies. Jaazaniah (= Jezaniah), fl. 126127) also mentions Hezekiah the Judahite(lines 23, 27 in Luckenbill, Annals of Sennacherib, pp. 7377, as amended by Corrections, pp. A second response to comment 9 on this page, by Carol: Since you find archaeological confirmations of the Bible exciting and interesting, may I suggest a whole book full? One must question the sources of these tales, which are in fact cosmic myths. My article on external verification of these 50 people in the Bible makes no attempt to deal with miraculous events. Kitchen, The Third Intermediate Period in Egypt (1100650 B.C.) Biblical Magi - Wikipedia Many scholars assume or conclude that the Balaam and Beor of the inscription are the same as the biblical pair and belong to the same folk tradition, which is not necessarily historical. Why did some people's name change in the Bible? - CompellingTruth.org 42; Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1939), pp. One must keep in mind that there were probably many people in Judah during that time named Hananiah/Hananyahu, and quite a few of them could have had a father named Azariah/Azaryahu, or Azzur for short. For now, please note that although the article title (which I did not write) mentions Real People in the Biblewhich is true of each person covered in the articlethe coverage is more precisely defined in the third sentence of the article: How many people in the Hebrew Bible have been confirmed archaeologically? Examples include many of Israels and Judahs kings such as [], [] http://www.biblicalarchaeology.org/daily/people-cultures-in-the-bible/people-in-the-bible/50-people-… []. This bowl is now in the Brooklyn Museum. Simon, sometime after becoming one of Jesus' original twelve disciples, was called Peter, which means a little stone (John 1:40 - 42). Possible owners could even have included a preacher in the Temple who was a false prophet, as Hananiah was shown to be after his false prediction in the Temple in Jeremiah 28. Hilkiah, high priest during Josiahs reign, within 640/639609, 2 Kings 22:4, etc. See endnote 26 above regarding Sixteen, pp. early 6th century, Jeremiah 39:3, in a cuneiform inscription on Babylonian clay tablet BM 114789 (1920-12-13, 81), dated to 595 B.C.E. 51. 49. The seal does not reveal any connection with Gibeon, which is clear in Jeremiah 28, nor does it suggest anything about the seal owner being a prophet, which is also clear in that same chapter. It is well worth the read to see if they comply with your standards of historical data. Nahman Avigad, who published the seal of Jezebel, was arguably the dean of Hebrew epigraphy (the study of inscriptions). Cross, Jr., Nahman Avigad and Joseph Naveh. In Nahel M., a Stranger Killed by Police, French Protesters See Friend and Kin. In Shalmaneser IIIs Black Obelisk, current scholarship regards the notation over relief B, depicting payment of tribute from Israel, as referring to Jehu, son of Omri (Raging Torrent, p. 23; RIMA 3, p. 149, A.0. Im really impressed, Lawrence, with the care you have taken in responding to the comments. He who has an ear, let him hear what the Spirit says to the churches. Everything I found was suspect to interpretation, and could likely result in a misidentification of his actual identity. See endnote 26 above regarding Sixteen, pp. First, Prof. Marjo C. A. Korpels estimate of 10% seems about right, estimating the percentage from Avigad and Sass, _Corpus of West Semitic Seals_. The late Father Jerome Murphy-OConnor was a sterling example of such outstanding Catholic scholars. See also Nadav Naaman, The Interchange between Bible and Archaeology: The Case of Davids Palace and the Millo, BAR 40, no. See Raging Torrent, pp. 163169, with corrections from Kitchens review of IBP as noted in Corrections, p. 117; Sixteen, pp. 3 from Chris: See Raging Torrent, p. 106 under Shilkanni.. They then sell these items to antiquities market vendors, who mix these authentic pieces in with plenty of forgeries, and put them all up for sale, together. As a former catechist, I praise God and swoon over articles that prove (?) I've been praying for our Nation that all this evilness be cast out in Jesus Almighty name and save the children from this There is no known inscription from outside the Bible that verifies the existence of Josiah, king of Judah. On the setting, see OROT, pp. It proves that the Bible is not a book of myths and fictional stories. His descendants carried on his name. 3, p. 244, both of which describe and cite with approval Simo Parpola, The Murderer of Sennacherib, in Death in Mesopotamia: Papers Read at the XXVie Rencontre Assyriologique Internationale, ed. Jakim (=Yakm), (The authors 2022 revision of the following assessment is to appear in a future publication): founding father of a priestly division in the First Temple in Jerusalem, early tenth century, 1 Chronicles 24:12, on an inscribed ossuary (bone box) of the first or second century C.E. Searching for Evidence Beyond the Bible,, New Testament Political Figures: The Evidence, Herod the Great and the Herodian Family Tree. John, there are two ways to interpret C.E. One question why is Jothams (son of Ahaziah/Uzziah, father or Ahaz) signet ring from Kh. To accept the reasonableness of this identification is a way of acknowledging the continuity of Hebrew tradition, which certainly seems unquenchable. 7075. (The inscription adds mention of Imri as the father of a subset, a fathers house within Maaziahs larger family.). Without her, Moses would. 51. Discovered at Babylon, they are dated from the tenth to the thirty-fifth year of Nebuchadnezzar II, king of Babylonia and conqueror of Jerusalem.
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